Endocrine Abstracts

B-pancreatic cells are programmed to react to plasma glucose level with insulin secretion. Insulin secretion is precisely regulated and in the physiological conditions fasting glucose levels are maintained in the range 3.5–5.5 mmol/l. In hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, a disorder of the regulation of insulin secretion, insulin secretion continues at low concentrations of plasma glucose. In adults hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is the cause of 0.5 to 5.0% of hypoglicaemias a...

Activation of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a common feature of endocrine responses to stress, with cortisol secretion as an end product of this activation. Acute rise in cortisol level during stress is of utmost importance for metabolic adjustments, immune system adaptations, cardiovascular responses and muscle tissue remodeling. But since chronic hypercortisolism has many deleterious effects, scientific interest has started focusing around different biological ...

A 36-years-old male with mild hypertension was diagnosed with pseudocystic tumor (67 mm) in pancreatic region and liver metastasis in April 2010. One month later, the extirpation of retroperitoneal mass and metastasis was performed in local medical centre. Pathohistological diagnosis was metastatic paraganglioma (Ki67, 3.5%). In June 2010, he was transferred to our Institution, and (131) I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy was negative. However ((18) F) fluorodeoxygl...

Background: Several susceptibility genes have been found to be associated with development of pheochromocytoma (PHEO): RET, VHL, SDHB and SDHD. We investigate the frequency of germ-line mutations in SDHB and VHL genes in patients with apparently sporadic PHEO.Material and methods: Fifty patients (38 women, mean age 42) with apparently sporadic adrenal and extra-adrenal PHEO were screened. DNA was extracted from whole blood and from paraffin embedded tumo...

Aim: There is a significant link between the increased activity of estrogen and its metabolites in endometrial carcinogenesis. Polymorphisms of the gene involved in metabolism of estrogen can modulate risk for the development of endometrial cancer. CYP1B1 plays an important role in estrogen metabolism. In our study, the frequency of three CYP1B1 gene polymorphisms (4326 C> G, 4390 A> G and 355 G> T) were studied in obese and non-obese women with endometrio...

Introduction: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer. It is characterized by a high rate of local recurrence after surgical resection as well as the occurrence of distant metastases. It mostly occurs in the elderly and the exact etiology is unknown. The most significant risk factors for its occurrence are exposure to ultraviolet light and the oncogenic effect of the Merkel cell polyoma virus.Aim: Demographic and clinica...

Introduction: Secondary failure (SF) to treatment with oral therapy is defined as the absence of a favorable reaction to the oral therapy which was effective in the previous course of the treatment. The aim of the work was to investigate the acute effects of the short-term insulin therapy on the secretory ability of endocrine pancreatic beta cells and the insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: 98 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM T2) and confirmed the SF to the or...

Introduction: Several population-based studies have shown that hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance could be an independent predictive factor for development of coronary artery disease (CAD).Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze insulin secretion in patients with proven coronary artery disease.Methods: We have analyzed 151 consecutive patients (35–79 years old, men 68%, women 32%) referred for coronary a...

Introduction and aim: Obesity epidemic contributes to the increasing prevalence of high blood sugar, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia, which are all known risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Metabolic syndrome (MS) describes the common clinical finding wherein component CAD risk factors cluster within a single patient. Since obesity shares common clinical characteristics with both metabolic syndrome (MS) and Cushing’s syndrome it is speculated about obeso...

Somatostatinomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and small intestine that can occur sporadically or in a syndromic form. Duodenal somatostatinomas are often associated with neurofibromatosis type1 (NF1). Their presenting features are mostly related to local effects of the tumor mass rather than functional clinical syndrome. Nesidioblastosis is extremely rare cause of persistant hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia in adults.We present a case of ...